![]() ![]() Less than 1% of travelers in pressurized commercial aircraft have motion sickness. 2, 3, 5, 9 Motion sickness occurs in approximately 0.13% of individuals who ride on trains. 8 The incidence of car sickness is up to 4%, especially for those driving rally cars and those sitting in the back seats or reading a book during the journey. 5 In an extensive survey of 2366 passengers who had collectively traveled on 26 cruise trips for a total of 34,501 person-days, the incidence of motion sickness requiring physicians’ consultations was 4. In the extreme case, as many as 60% of passengers (even an experienced crew) may be affected. 2, 3 The incidence is higher in smaller vessels and with adverse weather. Up to 25% of the passengers on a large ship will develop motion sickness within 2–3 days of the start of an ocean voyage. 5 Indeed, nausea, the main symptom of motion sickness, is derived from the Greek word naus, hence ‘nautical,’ meaning a ship. 7 Seasickness is the most common and notorious form of motion sickness. Almost everybody has experienced motion sickness at least once in his/her lifetime. The information retrieved from the earlier search was used in the compilation of this article. The search was restricted to English literature. 5Ī PubMed search was performed with Clinical Queries using the key term ‘motion sickness.’ The search strategy included meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, clinical trials, observational studies, and reviews. 6 Depending on the environment that it occurs, motion sickness is also called travel sickness, seasickness, car sickness, space sickness, and simulator sickness/cinerama sickness/cybersickness. 5 Some authors prefer the term ‘pseudomotion sickness’ or ‘pseudokinetosis’ to be used for those occasions. 4 Thus, one can experience the symptoms of motion sickness while viewing a large moving field or taking part in virtual reality rides in amusement parks, although the individuals affected are not physically in motion. However, real motion is not an absolute requirement for the disorder to manifest perception of motion can also result in motion sickness. Motion sickness typically presents with malaise, non-vertiginous dizziness, nausea, and sometimes vomiting. 1– 3 Similar symptoms also occur on entry and return from space. ![]() It includes a feeling of unwellness or sickness that develops during travel by air, sea, or land, and while riding in a car, train, elevator, amusement ride, swing, or, less commonly, on an animal such as a horse. Motion sickness, also called kinetosis, was first described by the Greek physician Hippocrates who wrote: “sailing on the sea proves that motion disorders the body.” The term ‘motion sickness’ was first used in 1881 by Irwin to describe a malady resulting from repeated oscillatory movement of the body. Medications that are effective in the prophylaxis and/or treatment of motion sickness include anticholinergics, antihistamines, and sympathomimetics. Simple behavioral and environmental modifications can be effective in the prevention of motion sickness. Motion sickness typically presents with malaise, anorexia, nausea, yawning, sighing, increased salivation, burping, headache, blurred vision, non-vertiginous dizziness, drowsiness, spatial disorientation, difficulty concentrating, and sometimes vomiting. The conflicting information is judged in relation to a pattern of expected associations formed under normal or experienced conditions stored in the brain. The principal sensors are the eyes, the vestibular apparatus, and proprioceptive receptors. Sine qua non for developing motion sickness is when the brain receives conflicting information from different sensors about real body movements or virtual environment. Motion sickness is typically triggered by low-frequency vertical, lateral, angular, rotary motion, or virtual stimulator motion, to which an individual has not adapted.
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